Among these diseases, cotton leaf curl virus disease clcuvd is one of. Efforts to control this disease using host plant resistance remained successful. Out of the 22 viruses infecting jatropha, mosaic and leaf curl disease are the most devastating. Ed podleckis, usda aphis, plant protection and quarantine, plant health. Cotton family malvaceae, genus gossypium is one of the most important crops in china. Cotton leaf curl multan virus newly reported to be associated with cotton leaf curl disease in china. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus management for homeowners. Pdf management of cotton leaf curl virus disease and its vector.
Cotton leaf curl virus is a single stranded dna virus. C1 gene in antisense orientation gene driven by cauliflower mosaic virus35s promoter and nos nopaline synthase terminator and mediated by. Leaf curl virus disease of cotton is caused by a complex of whiteflytransmitted geminiviruses circular, singlestranded dna viruses, referred to as cotton leaf curl virus clcuv complex, and one of several associated dna satellites that contribute to helper virus virulence. Cotton leaf curl virus clcuv is one of the major biotic constraints of cotton production in pakistan. Association of a recombinant cotton leaf curl bangalore. Leaf curl decease is very common in vegetables like chilies, tomato, eggplant etc. Cotton leaf curl multan virus newly reported to be associated.
Cotton leaf curl disease has been reported from the indian subcontinent and africa affecting tetraploid cotton gossypium hirsutumand g. Farmers must follow recommendations to control clcv. Leaves of red raspberry become yellow, while those of black raspberry take on a darkgreen, greasy cast. The circular ssdna genome is bipartite and consists of two similarsized species. Transcript mapping of cotton leaf curl burewala virus and.
A group of whitefly transmitted ssdna viruses with ssdna satellites, causing leaf curl disease of cotton, vegetables, and ornamentals contents july 28, 20 page executive summary and contributors 1 i. Transcriptomics reveals multiple resistance mechanisms against. Cotton leaf curl is a destructive disease of cotton and several other malvaceous plant species that is transmitted by b. Based on this data, the new chilliinfecting begomovirus in this study is considered to be a member of. It has some alternate hosts where it survives these alternate hosts are tomato, tobacco, lehli, dhatura, okra, china rose etc.
More than 15 young farmers of the district have been able to reap a good harvest from the american cotton crop which had been affected badly by a. In pakistan, cotton leaf curl virus clcv was observed near multan in 19674. Around 2 million tonnes of cotton are grown in pakistan and between 30 and 40% crop losses can be expected through whiteflytransmitted viruses based on figures in the mid1990s. This virus belongs to the family geminiviridae and genus begomovirus. Genetics and genomics of cotton leaf curl disease, its. The virus is transmitted by the whitefly, bemisia tabaci, and by inoculation with sap. This disease is caused by cotton leaf cur virus which is mainly acquired and transmitted by the vector whitefly bemisia tabaci. Pdf cotton leaf curl virus clcuv disease in pakistan. Cotton not only provides fiber to textile industry but its seed is used as an important source of edible oil. Cotton leaf curl virus has been responsible for yield loss in all affected cottongrowing areas in africa since its discovery. Cotton leaf curl multan virus newly reported to be.
C lcuv belongs to genus begomovirus of geminiviridae family and is. Cotton leaf curl is a disease of viral origin, transmitted by the whitefly bemisia tabaci. More recently many monopartite begomoviruses that have single dna molecule are reported from bhendi, cotton and tomato 35. Cotton leaf curl virus is a member of begomovirus and family geminiviridae.
Reaction of cucurbit species to squash leaf curl virus and sweetpotato whitefly. Cotton is one of the most important crops of pakistan, accounting for over 60% of foreign exchange earnings. Cotton leaf curl virus how is cotton leaf curl virus. Biotechnology to help cure cotton leaf curl virus submitted by thelabworldgroup on sat, 11102012 06. Genetics and genomics of cotton leaf curl disease, its viral causal. Bramble disease leaf curl virus penn state extension. Nigeria in 1912 pakistan is 5th biggest cotton producer country. Known hosts are in the cucurbitaceae, leguminosae, solanaceae and euphorbiaceae. Chilli leaf curl palampur virus is a distinct begomovirus. Leaves of infected cotton curl upward and bear leaf like enations on the underside along with vein thickening. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus tylcv is a dna virus from the genus begomovirus and the family geminiviridae. There are no chemical controls available for treating curly top virus in beans but there are some cultural practices that can reduce or eliminate infection.
Because a severe infection can decimate a bean harvest, it is important to learn about curly top virus control. Noticeable rugosity along with cupping of leaves on regrowth emerging from the base of mature virus infected cotton was also common in october and november figure 5. In india, chilli has been reported to be infected by several begomoviruses, namely chilli leaf curl virus chilcv, tomato leaf curl new delhi virus tolcndv and tomato leaf curl joydebpur virus khan et al. Fm955601 from pakistan infecting rhynchosia capitata, followed by tolcndv 872%, pepper leaf curl bangladesh virus 858% and chilcv 849%. Influence of plant age, whitefly population and cultivar on infection of cotton plants by cotton leaf curl virus clcuv in pakistan. Surprisingly, clcubuv lacks c2, one of the genes present in all previously characterized begomoviruses. Cotton leaf curl virus clcuv is a serious pathogen causing leaf curl disease and affecting the cotton production in major growing areas. Cotton leaf curl virus clcuv is the most devastating pathogen of cotton, which is. Cotton leaf curl disease clcud after its first epidemic in 1912 in nigeria, has.
Cultivation of resistant cotton genotypes is the most effective method of reducing yield losses due to clcuv. This disease is difficult to control owing to the occurrence. Journal of the american society for horticultural science, 1161. For control, plants were mock inoculated either with water or with a. The virus is picked up by colonising aphids during prolonged feeding on an infected plant.
Roles and interactions of begomoviruses and satellite dnas associated with okra leaf curl disease in mali, west africa. Later on it was reported from tanzania in 19262 and from sudan in 19343. Cotton leaf curl viral disease complex caused by cotton. Exploration of cotton leaf curl virus resistance genes and their. Seed dress imidachloprid 10 g kg seeds followed by seedling dip with same solution 0. Effect of cotton leaf curl virus infected plants on the. The present study describes the association of a distinct begomovirus species and a. Recently there has been a lot of publicity concerning the latest imported pest problem of florida agriculture tomato yellow leaf curl virus tylcv. Plrv is transmitted by aphids in a persistent manner once an aphid acquires the virus it is infective for life. Usda research yields cotton resistant to top 20 ag threat.
Four dnaa variants among pakistani isolates of cotton leaf curl virus and their. Present status of cotton leaf curl virus disease clcuvd. Chilli leaf curl virus management chilcv disease is the most destructive virus disease in terms of incidence and yield loss. Gossypium hirsutum important cash crop of pakistan. Initial studies have shown that mac07 and the other 95 cotton. Cotton leaf curl viruses clcuv are a number of plant pathogenic virus species of the family geminiviridae in asia and africa the major disease of cotton is caused by the cotton leaf curl geminivirus clcuv. Cotton leaf curl viral disease complex caused by cotton leaf curl virus complex begomovirus, geminiviridae. Four dnaa variants among pakistani isolates of cotton leaf curl virus and their affinities to dnaa of geminivirus isolates from okra. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus tylcv is one of the most wellknown tomatoinfecting begomoviruses and transmitted by bemisia tabaci. This disease probably entered florida this past spring from the caribbean in the form of infected plants, plants hosting infective. The significance of the unidentified sequences within the recombinants was not appreciated at the time, but they were to provide a vital clue in the discovery of a new class of satellites. The peach potato aphid myzus persicae is regarded as the most efficient vector. An overview of cotton leaf curl virus disease clcud a serious threat to cotton productivity amjad farooq 1, jehanzeb farooq, abid mahmood 1, amir shakeel 2, abdul rehman 3, asia batool 4, muhammad riaz 1, muhammad tasdiq hussain shahid 1 and saira mehboob 4.
University of florida institute of food and agricultural sciences. It is difficult to control this disease due to occurrence of virulent viral strains or. An overview of cotton leaf curl virus disease, persistant challeng for cotton production article pdf available in bulgarian journal of agricultural science 202014. Losses are difficult to assess, but estimates range up to 20% when infection occurs early in the growing season andor with highly susceptible cultivars. Begomovirus, the causative agent of leaf curl disease in cotton plants gossypium hirsutum, is exclusively transmitted by whitefly species bemisia tabaci gennadius hemiptera. This is well supported by phylogentic analysis showing, close clustering of the virus isolate with clcubv. Particle morphology places beet leaf curl virus in the plant rhabdovirus group, possibly in peters 1981 sub group ii because the particles accumulate. For example, meam1 is found alongside the k biotype in pakistan where both biotypes transmit a disease of cotton, cotton leaf curl virus.
Cotton leaf curl virus need not to be afraid of youtube. Among them, cotton leaf curl virus disease clcuvd is one of the significant factors responsible for yield reduction worldwide. As the aphids feed on the plant, the virus is introduced into the phloem tissue vascular and multiplies and spreads. Symptoms of infection by the leaf curl virus gave rise to the disease name. Introduction cotton leaf curl, a viral disease of cotton, was reported for the first time in 1912 from nigeria1. Cotton leaf curl disease, a multicomponent begomovirus. May 29, 2015 bemisia tabaci is a serious pest of vegetables and other crops worldwide. Spray 10% of sorghum leaf extract to 15 to 20 day old seedling and at flowering. Leaf curl, yellow leaf curl hosts tomato, pepper, eggplant, okra, tobacco, beans, cotton, cucurbits, citrus, and other crops as secondary hosts affected plant stages seedling and vegetative stages affected plant parts whole plant symptoms infected plant has stunted young leaves and shoots. Clcuv transmission occurs in sriganganagar rajasthan, an area endemic with cotton leaf curl disease. The leaves on infected canes are stiffly arched or curled downward.
Transcript mapping of cotton leaf curl burewala virus and its. The sequence comparisons revealed that, this virus isolate share highest nucleotide identity with isolates of cotton leaf curl bangalore virus clcubv ay705380 92. Tylcv causes the most destructive disease of tomato, and it can be found in tropical and subtropical regions causing severe economic losses. Planting virus resistant crops is the first step to preventing ctv. Transmission of tomato yellow leaf curl virus by bemisia. Management of tomato yellow leaf curl virus tylcv in tomato in north florida. The sequence had highest 879% identity with an isolate of papaya leaf curl virus palcuv.
Nov 01, 2011 more than 15 young farmers of the district have been able to reap a good harvest from the american cotton crop which had been affected badly by a cotton leaf curl virus in early stages of. Planting virus resistant crops is the first step to. Whiteflytransmitted cucurbit leaf crumple virus in florida. Detection and analysis of leaf curl virus from jatropha. C1 gene in antisense orientation gene driven by cauliflower mosaic virus35s promoter and nos nopaline synthase terminator and mediated by agrobacterium tumefaciens. Recruitment of the host plant heat shock protein 70 by tomato yellow leaf curl virus coat protein is. It is transmitted by viruliferous whitefly bemisia. The plant will become overall stunted in height and the tubers will also show necrosis. Mar 30, 2014 cotton leaf curl virus clcuv geminiviridae. Rebound of cotton leaf curl multan virus and its exclusive.
As was observed for ayvv, the cloned genomic component of cotton leaf curl virus renamed cotton leaf curl mul. Cotton leaf curl viral disease complex caused by cotton leaf. Clcuv belongs to genus begomovirus of geminiviridae family and is transmitted by. Association of a recombinant cotton leaf curl bangalore virus.
Prediction of cotton leaf curl virus disease and its management through resistant germplasm and bioproducts. Inheritance of the resistance to squash leaf curl virus in cucurbita pepo l. Across pakistan, clcud is currently associated with a single begomovirus cotton leaf curl burewala virus clcubuv and the cottonspecific betasatellite cotton leaf curl multan betasatellite clcumub, both of which have recombinant origins. Before sowing apply 25 gram carbofuran granules to the nursery. An overview of cotton leaf curl virus disease, persistant. Transgenic cotton expressing partial ac1 gene of clcuv can be used as virus resistance source in cotton breeding programs aiming to improve virus resistance in cotton crop.
Development of cotton leaf curl virus clcuv diagnostic. Leaves of infected cotton curl upward and bear leaflike enations on the underside along with vein thickening. Development of cotton leaf curl virus resistant transgenic. The present epidemic of cotton leaf curl disease clcud originated in the punjab region near the city of multan and was first reported in 1985, although it was noted in this region as early as 1967. Across pakistan, clcud is currently associated with a single begomovirus cotton leaf curl burewala virus clcubuv and the cotton specific betasatellite cotton leaf curl multan betasatellite clcumub, both of which have recombinant origins. Department of agriculture usda agricultural research service ars scientists are now available for use in safeguarding u. Cotton leaf curl disease clcud, caused by cotton leaf curl viruses clcuvs. Plants with potato leafroll virus will, as the name indicates, have leaves that roll, showing chlorosis or reddening, a leather like feel and dead spots along the leaf veins. Molecular insight into cotton leaf curl geminivirus disease resistance. Taxonomy navigation begomovirus all lower taxonomy nodes 7 common name isynonym.
Review article an overview of cotton leaf curl virus disease. Prediction of cotton leaf curl virus disease and its. Seed transmission has previously been reported for some rna. Association of cotton leaf curl multan virus and its. Cotton not only provides fiber to textile industry but its seed is used as an important. Aphid feeding alone can cause leaf curling and cupping, and whitefly feeding can cause leaf deformation. Caused by cotton leaf curl virus complex begomovirus.
Cotton leaf curl virus has been responsible for yield loss in all affected cotton growing areas in africa since its discovery. Pim7685 is a new clcuvresistant line developed through the use of induced mutation. Leaf curl virus disease of cotton is caused by a complex of whiteflytransmitted geminiviruses circular, singlestranded dna viruses, referred to as cotton leaf curl virus clcuv complex, and one of several associated dna satellites that contribute to. Engineer complete resistance to cotton leaf curl multan. Since 1997 two distinct geminivirus species, tomato yellow leaf curl sardinia virus tylcsv. C1 protein induces autophagy by disrupting the interaction of autophagyrelated protein 3 with glyceraldehyde 3phosphate dehydrogenases asigul ismayila, meng yanga, yakupjan haxima, yunjing wanga, jinlin lia, lu hana, yan wanga, xiyin zhenga, xiang weia, ugrappa nagalakshmib, yiguo hongc, linda hanleybowdoind, yule liua,e. Curly top virus control there are no chemical controls available for treating curly top virus in beans but there are some cultural practices that can reduce or eliminate infection. Geminiviral diseases of cotton 127 cotton leaf curl disease a phylogenetic tree based on complete nucleotide sequences of all cotton begomoviruses is shown in figure 3. Cai jh, xie k, lin l, qin bx, chen bs, meng jr, et al. Association of cotton leaf curl multan virus and its associated betasatellite with leaf curl disease of hibiscus rosasinensis in india.
In october 2008 and july 2009, some cotton plants were found to develop upward leaf curl symptoms accompanied by thickening and often thick dark greening of leaf veins, leafy enations and stunting in a field of the suburb of nanning city, guangxi, china figs. Raj s k, khan m s, snehi s k, srivastava s, singh h b, 2006. Leaf curl decease in vegetables and control whiteflies attack. Begomovirus, cotton leaf curl disease, cotton leaf curl burewala virus, betasatellite, cotton leaf curl multan betasatellite, transcription background viruses of the geminiviridae family have circular singlestranded ssdna genomes and classify into four genera according to their host range, insect vector and genome organization 1. Tete a tete of tomato yellow leaf curl virus and tomato yellow. Cotton leaf curl disease, a multicomponent begomovirus complex cotton leaf curl disease, a multicomponent begomovirus complex briddon, rob w. Cucurbit leaf curl virus, a new whitefly transmitted geminivirus in arizona, texas, and mexico. Review article an overview of cotton leaf curl virus.
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